May 15, 2007

RFID Gazette - Tues May 15, 2007

This is a roundup of recent RFID-related news and views.

Tracking Steel
ThyssenKrupp Steel has managed to run a successful test on a thousand tagged steel slabs using EPC UHF RFID tags. The slabs were shipped from Brazil to Germany and tracked along that route. As a result, they'll continue the process for 100,000 slabs per year, maybe more, using special SATO FlagTag RFID labels. [via RFID Journal]

A Japanese RFID Island
Depending on what country you're in, RFID tags are an everyday thing or their not. In Japan, there's a plan to set up a special tech zone on an island where RFID tags will be ubiquitous. Not only that, they'll use the zone to monitor elderly patients, the movement of pedestrians, and more.

Passive RFID Tag Market Growing
The passive RFID tag market is expected to grow to nearly US$500M by 2013, compared to just under $125M in 2006. This information comes courtesy of a Frost & Sullivan report.

April 23, 2007

RFID Regulation: New Bills In California and North Dakota

To date, two states - Wisconsin and now North Dakota -  have banned forced human RFID implants. Except that there's no way that'll stop determined employers. Jeremy Duffy offers an explanation of how organizations might circumvent such laws. One way is by suggesting that implantation is voluntary but to then either punish those that don't "volunteer" or reward those that do. I've worked for enough bad bosses in my life to know the tactics companies use to make you do what they want, or to conoct ways to make you quit if you don't comply. There's no reason why the same sort of emotional blackmail will not happen in regards to RFID implantation.

In California, the issue is more about the use of RFID in certain ways by public entities. An elementary school there has tried to implement an RFID program to monitor the whereabouts of students. To deter this sort of use, the California Senate passed a bill 28-5 to prevent public schools from mandatory RFID systems for monitoring students. The bill must still be passed by the State Assembly.

April 09, 2007

RFID Gazette - Mon Apr 09, 2007

Sirit Gets California Toll Road Contract
RFID use in toll roads continues to increase in the United States and the OCTA (Orange County Transportation Authority) is expanding their own existing use. They've awarded Sirit a three-year contract for US$2M in RFID transponders as an extension of a prior contract. [via RFID Update]

RFID Asset Tracking For Jewelry Retailers
Jewelry retailers can breathe a bit easier with a tracking system from from RSI ID Technologies. The system includes tags, readers and software, and allows retailers to keep track of in-store jewelry items as well as provide data on which pieces are generating interest. [via RFID Journal] A number of jewelry stores in the Middle East have already been using a different RFID system for asset tracking.

How RFID Helps
CRM Buyer gives a good example of how RFID helps in a number of applications including supply chain and security. For example, US ports handle about 7 million containers yearly but there are only enough personnel to inspect about 2%. RFID locking systems and other security measures in terms of supply chain process can reduce the security risk. The CRM Buyer article is fairly general and is targeted at those new to RFID use in SCM (Supply Chain Management).

March 26, 2007

RFID Tag A Tree?

RFID can be used for many more applications than might seem evident. Subni RFID Webservice is a social networking website that encourages people to tag objects and map metadata to this site's database. For example, if you tag a tree, I presume that you can share information such as latitude/ longitude, type, age, city, country, date of tagging condition of tree, etc.

I say "presume" because while you have to register to use the service, they tell you after you waste time filling out the form that they're not taking new members. (They also don't bother setting up the form for anyone outside the U.S.) However, their applications page diagrams what look like very interesting applications - with no text whatsoever to describe them, unfortunately.

Basically, at the time of this writing, this site is a tease, hinting at what could be. Very frustrating but also exciting. For example, they describe a Subni application called Soundtag, which converts information from an RFID tag on a prescription bottle to sound. This would help visually impaired people know that they have the right medication. This is a brilliant idea, and while other companies might be doing something similar, I haven't come across it elsewhere.

Other applications that they describe on the site suggest tagging physical objects. This has the potential for some powerful municipal applications.

For example, amongst the client computing projects that I've worked on, one of the more interesting ones was a forestry-style application for a municipal tree database. For the sample database, I drove around wooded areas and photographed a few clusters of trees. Theoretically, I would have attached some identifying badge to each tree, then recorded approximate geographic coordinates. This information from the field would have been synced up with a central database later, when I "got back from the field."

Now imagine if there was an easier way to manage such a database, and make it central. So put it online, and use durable RFID forestry tags. Provided handheld readers have a wireles connection to the Internet, field agents could update a database - private or public - in real-time. Add environmental sensors and a memory device like the i-Disk RFID flash drive, and environmental conditions could be stored for later analysis.

In fact, any municipal assets such as park benches and bus shelters, could be tagged in this manner. What might also help is a means for citizens to report problems with an asset. At present, if a tree goes down, a bus shelter is smashed, etc., a citizen makes a call and gives the nearest intersection.

In the future, they might be able to use their NFC-enabled cell phone (dual-mode Wi-Fi/ cellular) to call in the information using a VoIP application over a municipal Wi-Fi network. The VoIP client could file-share the data from the asset's RFID tag, minimizing what a citizen has to do. And if tags had IP addresses, like RuBee tags do, the information could be accessed remotely, saving municipalites the cost of gasoline, wear and tear on city vehicles, and the scheduling of personnel - except when needed.

March 23, 2007

RFID: To Regulate Or Not To Regulate?

Law makers in the US and EU have been considering regulating the use of RFID in their respective districts. The European Union commissioner backed off, deciding to let the technology mature before imposing regulations.

In Washington state, RFID legislation didn't make the Floor. It sought to impose rules on how RFID would be deployed and used to collect personal data. In Wisconsin, a new bill was just passed that prohibits US currency and documents to be embedded with chips. Previously, the state passed legislation banning forced chip implants.

Implants in particular are going to be a hot law issue in the years to come, Companies like VeriChip have been trying persuade anyone and everyone to implant, including soldiers, and diabetics, and have used them on corpses during disaster recovery.

February 06, 2007

State Opposition To RFID-Based National Driver's License Spreads

Privacy advocates are no doubt beaming as the opposition to a US National Driver's License spreads to at least seven states, sparked by Maine's initial opposition. Issuance of the RFID-based licenses is part of the Real I.D. Act of 2005, which was backed by the House of Representatives, and is to be implemented in 2008.

While Maine is being credited for triggering the new revolt against the National Driver's License, New Hampshire objected back in April of 2006. State legislators voted against it, despite N.H. being a Republican-run state. Maine's legislature voted against it last month, followed by Georgia and several western states expected to pass laws soon.

Talk is of as many as fourteen states objecting in the form of legislation against Real ID. However, I'm wondering if this would have happened had Democrats not gained their victory in Washington recently. If a Democrat takes the Oval Office in 2008, will the whole project be scrapped? Under it's strict guidelines, citizens of states that don't use it may not be able to travel or even open bank accounts. It's general stance seemingly goes against American tradition, which is to let each decide on certain matters.

December 30, 2006

Nortel Adding RFID To Wireless Services

Nortel, the telecom equipment maker, is making it easier for wireless ISPs (Internet Service Providers), to offer RFID-based services. Nortel offers a municipal wireless platform, and now plans to enhance this with solutions for RFID applications. An example use might be for a municipal fleet management (cars, trucks, school buses, small aircraft?), monitored through RFID tags integrated with GPS receivers.

This could be where the ROI for municipal networks comes in. Municipal networks either have to be paid for by taxes, subscriptions, or advertising - or some combo. If RFID-based services could produce a return on investment, the savings could subsidize part of the infrastructure costs.

Nortel's Municipal Wireless Solutions combines a number of technologies including Wi-Fi, wireless mesh and WiMax.

December 29, 2006

RFID Roundup - Fri Dec 29, 2006

RFID In Our Car Tires
RFID has been in used in the automotive industry for quite some time, both in vehicles and for SCM (supply chain management). Tag have also been used in tires by NASCAR. Now they're being used in tire pressure gauges, which seems to worry Bruce Schneier (a writer for Wired) but not Techdirt or Engadget.

Why Not Use RFID?
Boing Boing points to a story about a new mounted scanning camera being used in San Francisco to help the Dept of Parking and Traffic catch cars with unpaid parking tickets. Given that the system costs 92,000 for each outfitted vehicle, it seems like an opportunity to consider an RFID-based parking solution for the future, like Hoboken, New Jersey.

New Villanova RFID Lab
Villanova University will be getting a state-of-the-art RFID lab courtesy of a partnership with Ben Franklin Technology Partners of Southeastern Pennsylvania (BFTP/ SEP). They'll also be getting a three other high-tech labs in the new 12-year partnership.

December 25, 2006

British ID Database Dropped

Silicon wrote earlier in the week that the UK ID card database, NIR (National Identity Register), has been ditched. This includes dropping the plan for iris-scan biometrics. There are still three systems sharing the same information; it just won't be one big database. Fingerprint and facial biometrics are also still part of the national ID plan, which will see the first cards being issued in 2009, with mass issuance in 2010.

This is an interesting turn for the UK, which some civil liberties group Privacy International has ranked as being as bad as China in Russia in terms of surveillance. Though this turnabout is still in risk of failure. I'm speculating here and am somewhat uninformed, but I'm wondering if this change of direction has anything to do with the fact the current Prime Minister Tony Blair's term is ending soon. Despite being a Labour Party leader, he took a very right-wing leaning.

December 05, 2006

SMARTRAC Gains US e-Passport Contract

Despite concerns over the security of the new e-passports, the US and other countries are forging ahead with their issuance. And SMARTRAC has gained from that, with an order from Infineon Technologies for millions of RFID contactless inlays. The inlays will supply 70 of 95 e-passport projects. SMARTRAC has opened a fourth factory in Thailand to handle the demand. The US project alone could mean 13-18M inlays per year for SMARTRAC. Said CFO Dr. Christian Fischer

The US order allows us clear capacity planning. By the end
of 2006, we want to achieve a production capacity of approx. 13 million
high-frequency inlays per month.

[via Contactless News]

November 26, 2006

RFID Roundup - Sun Nov 26/06

Ireland's 18M Euro Fingerprint System
The Irish Naturalisation and Immigration Service are spending 18M euros for an electronic fingerprint system. Called AFIS, the system will take nearly 18 months to be developed. Biometrics techniques will be used on asylum seekers and non-EEA (European Economic Area) nationals to ensure that they are not lawbreakers elsewhere. [via Silicon Republic]

Online RFID E-learning Program
Abhisam Software offers an online RFID training program for a cost of US$99. This is a supplement to their US$399 CD-based program. The course outline contains discussions of basic concepts, the physics of RFID, RFID systems, middleware, applications, security, and privacy. More details about the course's contents here. [via Processing Talk]

Active RFID Summit
Lost or stolen product costs European distribution centers as much as US$24B annually. Active RFID has the potential to help reduce such undesirable operating costs. This was the focus of the Active RFID Summit in Atlanta, Georgia, recently - an event hosted by IDTechEx. Circuits Assembly has a synopsis of the event.

November 02, 2006

RFID + Govt: Please Tell Us What We Want To Hear

Stop me if this sounds familiar. According to Wired, the US DHS (Dept of Homeland Security) requested a study on RFID privacy issues from an outside privacy and security committee. When the committee concluded that chips not be used in any documents that served as identification, especially if the chips could be read from a distance, the study got stuck in draft mode. It wasn't what the DHS and other government agencies wanted to hear, but they could at least pretend due diligence. (Though a DHS spokesman indicates that the draft report is on their website.)

And as you probably already know, e-Passports and other border-crossing documents and id cards that use radio frequency technology are already being issued. This is despite evidence from security experts from the USA and Europe showing that e-Passport data can be skimmed from a distance with unauthorized readers and potentially used for malicious purposes - sometimes after the data has been cloned onto another chip.

The US State Dept plans to issue ID cards for American citizens visiting Canada, Mexico, and Bermuda that can be read at 20 feet. That gives an area of Pi x 20 x 20 =~ 120 square feet within which an authorized reader can skim data.

All these sub-initiatives, such as PASS and WHTI, are all related to the REAL-ID act. If the government is going to press on with their initiatives, in the face of evidence of security flaws and privacy risks, then you should do what I've recommended before: invest in the appropriate RFID companies. Instead of complaining about it and then doing nothing, if you're concerned, go out and get voting shares of a few select companies. RF tech use is only going to increase, and that includes government use, good or bad.

October 31, 2006

Countries Miss e-Passport Deadline

This should prove interesting. ComputerWeekly reports that 3 of 27 countries participating in the US Visa Waiver Program missed the deadline to introduce the new RFID-enabled e-Passports, which security experts question the safety of. The countries, however, are very small (Andorra, Brunei, Liechtenstein).

According to Wikipedia, Andorra is known as a tax haven and has the highest life expectancy in the world (83.51 years). Brunei is officially the Sultanate of Brunei, once very powerful. Liechtenstein is doubly landlocked - it and Uzbekistan are the only two countries that are - and is a winter sports resort, so it lacks in heavy urban areas.

The deadline was Oct 26, 2006. Due to this missed deadline, citizens from these countries can only visit the US if the apply for and receive a visa.

More About Tracking People With RFID

In my post Can RFID track people?, I talked about "after the fact trail analysis", where companies can at least see where their employees have been - if not track them - using contactless employee pass cards. It isn't a real-time location system (RTLS). To do that with RFID, without using GPS technology. Or at least specialized hybrid RFID and Wi-Fi technology.

Now contactless cards generally have too short a read range, but I'm hypothesizing that you can track a society's inhabitants using RFID and Wi-Fi. Let's ignore the logistics of programming, the cost of technology, and the sheer computing power needed. Say we want to focus on a tracking a single person. Here's the hypothetical scenario. The fictional society in question has a tight-knit grid of RFID scanners, and everyone wears an RFID wristband/ watch with Wi-Fi communication as well. Each wristwatch is coded with a unique value that identifies the person wearing it. It could be government tax id, such as the SSN - Social Security Number - or what have you.

Think that there would be too many wristwatches to track simultaneously? Some of the new RFID tech being used to handle bins of drugs or other product can read thousands of tags per minute. But in this case, you are trying to track a single person, a single code. Anything else can be ignored. So, continuing with the scenario, you have a person passing a scanner every few feet. Somewhere in some control room, that information can be filtered for one person/ code.

What results is a near real-time "trail" of where that person has been. From this, relatively simply mathematics can be used to study the person's "trail vector(s)" and determine where they might be going. Then a force of "robo cops" outfitted with wireless technology, HUD (Heads-Up Display) goggles, wearable computers, Bluetooth earpieces, etc., could be notified and move to intercept the person.

Now of course, I took a lot of liberties assuming this and that above. And since the devil is in the details, it's those assumptions that have to be resolved for such a science fictional scenario. But I stand by my position that radio frequency technology CAN be used to track a single someone provided the technical and financial conditions are satisified. And it's the ability, not necesarily the actuality, that is frightening.

October 27, 2006

The Effect Of RFID Passports On Hollywood

As I write this, I'm watching the season premiere of the T&A jiggle show Las Vegas, which has a healthy dose of drama thrown in. It suddenly struck me that had this episode been written a few months from now, how different it might have been. One of the main characters, Ed Deline - played by James Caan - is a casino boss. He's also a former CIA operative , or something to that effect.

Shortly after being shot and having a heart attack scare only a few hours before his daughter's wedding, he's visited in the hospital by two members of the CIA. In his normal bullheadedness, he takes off to London. Fast forward to a scene of him in a bank, where he's greeted by a different name. He then opens a safe-deposit box that has a couple of stacks of British Pounds and what appears to be a couple of dozen passports. Tossing his passport into the box, he pulls out another one. Fast forward. He gets off a plane, hands over a passport. The uniformed customs agent opens it to reveal a picture of Deline, but greets him with a different name.

Now if you haven't already figured out what I'm getting at, here it is. If e-passports get implemented worldwide, or at least in the countries that are trading partners of the United States, as the current administration wants, then scriptwriters need a whole new education in e-passports. Most spy stories would cease to make sense to anyone who knows about an e-passport. Granted, having a passport does not mean that you would be visiting a country where they can actually read the RFID chip. As well, when you are a former military operative, you probably have ways to get fake passports with fake data on the RFID chip. At least in fiction.

The oddest thing about this episode, however, is that the show has an extremely high-tech bent, and yet they completely ignored the concept of an e-passport. Maybe scriptwriters are amongst those who are hoping the e-passport doesn't go through - despite the unlikelihood of that, even with all the supposed evidence that there are some serious privacy and security flaws.

October 18, 2006

Through Rain Nor Snow: RFID Goes Postal

You've heard - or even experienced - those stories about mail taking years to be delivered. Well it appears that Australia Post has as well and they're testing the RFID-tagging of mail to help monitor mail and improve postal services. To do this, over 12,000 test letters tagged with RFID are mailed out each month and asset-tracked via a number of RFID-enabled facilities including mail and delivery centres, and mobile units.

The Australian Postal Corporation Act 1989 specifies a rate of 94% for "on-time delivery" of mail. Australia post has achieved 95.6% on domestic mail. The RFID trials are being conducted to

...enhance our ability to monitor our service performance and provide a better analysis of potential problems within our delivery network

according to Australia Post's just-released annual report.

[via ZD Net Australia]

October 13, 2006

Biometric Passports

No word if it uses RFID, but the new Manx (Isle of Man) passports do use biometrics. Identifying facial data is stored on a chip. Faces are presumably scanned and compared to stored data wherever a passport would be checked. The cost of the new passports is 30% over previous costs. This is a deviation from the ICAO -compliant e-passports being used in most of the European Union, the USA, and other places.

An alternative method might be voice biometrics. This method is expected to be less expensive than iris or fingerprint scanning because of a reduction of necessary hardware. As the general populace of the world is fairly comfortable with recording their voice, it's also likely to achieve more widespread acceptance than other methods - which have been labelled invasive of privacy.

The only thing that probably remains is to convince people that each person's voice is unique. But voice biometrics coupled with a picture and combined with RFID to store other information, it may be a sufficient method for most situations, whether for banking for passports. (Except maybe identical twins?)

[original links from Contactless News]

October 06, 2006

Inspiration For California RFID Senate Bill 768

Despite California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger's vetoing of California SB 768 RFID bill, it's expected that state Senator Joe Simitian (Dem) will try to reintroduce rfid legislation in another form. Previous to 768, he had introduced Senate Bill 682, which would have prohibited RFID being used in personal identity cards and documents in California. SB 682 was amended to be the less restrictive SB 768, which would have protected the privacy of citizens against misuse of RFID. The RFID industry was neutral in their response to the second bill, but vocal about the first. [via Card Technology]

It's noted that Simitian was inspired to draft the legislation due to a school in his district enforcing RFID badges on all students. Given that that's the case, he is probably going to continue reintroducing legislation until he succeeds, or at least comes to a compromise.

October 05, 2006

SB 768 RFID Bill Not Dead Yet

Even though Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger vetoed California Senate Bill 768, that would have limited the use of RFID technology in terms of protecting citizen privacy, the bill is not dead yet. The bill, drafted by Senator Joe Simitian (Dem, Calif), can be brought back (probably in another form), but not during the rest of the current two-year Senate session. Simitian said that he was in the middle of his first four-year term - suggesting that he would continue to work on the bill. (Simitian also drafted California SB 682 which, had it passed, would have prevented RFID from being used in personal identity cards and documents in California.

Schwarnegger's response, when he vetoed the bill, was that it was premature, overbroad, and that it may hinder "beneficial new applications of contactless technology." It may be the cynic in me, but he seems to be favoring not so much state interests as federal interests by suggesting the bill may clash federal mandates about radio frequency technology due soon.

[sources: Baseline]

October 02, 2006

I Am Not A Number - Battery-Powered, RFID-Implanted Human?

In the Sep/Oct 2006 print issue of RFID Journal, Kevin Ashton, co-founder of the Auto-ID Center and author of an upcoming RFID book, has a fascinating "final word" article called The Fear Factor. It reveals some suprising information that I was unaware of, regarding the implanting of RFID chips into humans. For example, Scott McNealy, former CEO of the giant Sun Microsystems (probably best known for their computers and their Java programming language, which powers 3.5 billion devices worldwide), once apparently said something to the effect that after a baby is born, their bottom should be slapped and an RFID chip implanted in their neck/ shoulders, and that that was not Big Brother, just Dad.

Wow. I don't even know how to respond to this. Gloat? See, I told you so?  Satisfaction? Well, this is just proof that there are people who want to do this despicable act, using radio frequency technology in ways it wasn't intended. (Other than Scott Silverman, CEO of VeriChip Corp's parent company.)

Granted, there are already people who have been microchipped, most willingly or even voluntarily. But Ashton's article says that RFID embedded in flesh will have a short read range, and will not even providing the tracking ability that McNealy and others are talking about. Unless active RFID tags are used, but they would require battery changes every few years. Imagine that, he says, having to be cut open to have batteries replaced.

Now what kind of a cyborg would you be if that was the case? But seriously, as I'm sure I've said even 15+ years ago, when I only knew a very little about RFID, imbedding chips into our bodies is not going to stop kidnapping. Which is what Ashton says as well. But most interesting of all is his premise that maybe human beings have a primal fear of surveillance. If that's true, then it just may be why there is such resistance to VeriChip and similar "implant us all" ideas. Let's just hope that resistance is not futile.

September 29, 2006

Why Promote RFID?

No doubt the above question has been asked many times by many people: why promote a technology that we've done without for so long, and that seems to scare a lot of people? Do we really need it? Is there a political agenda? Something else? Mark Roberti, founder and editor of RFID Journal weighs on why he promotes RFID, and highlights some of the abuse he takes because of it, mostly by email.

His main statement that seems to get a lot of not so delightful email is his belief that consumer concerns of a future Big Brother-like society based on RFID is overblown. His other statement that gets negative response is in saying that some people - namely Katherine Albrecht, founder of CASPIAN - are hyping the concerns for their own agendas, some of which may be religious. On the other hand, there are respected doctors, like Dr. John Halamka, CIO of Harvard Medical School, who willingly allowed himself to be implanted with an RFID chip to prove a point as well as to get a perspective for standards and privacy.

Roberti points out that he has often brought up legitimate privacy and security issues related to RFID, at the RFID Journal website, and thus feels he has not downplayed the concerns. But he believes that the industry would suffer greatly were any company, particularly retailers, were found to be abusing privacy rights. His own business, the magazine, would suffer as well.

While that may be true - and note that this is the first time I am disagreeing with him - that stance in itself is hardly proof that RFID is not being abused or that will not be abused. VeriChip Corp. wants to implant RFID chips into people and has even recommended it for US soliders, the terminally ill, migrant/ visiting workers, etc. I've been writing about privacy and technologies like RFID and smartcards since 1991. Rational, professional, well-respected - and somewhat powerful - people in the know have indicated to me that there has been agenda to tag humans for at least 20 years, emanating from a group in - of all places - California - a state that recently has had a lot of discussions in state Senate about RFID, and have decided to encrypt RFID data on smart id cards.

I like to live by the principle of Occam's Razor. It's something I've learned to do over time. But both my logic and intuition tell me that there really are people who want to tag all of us, though not necessarily for control purposes, just commerce. My science background says that it's possible, and my imagination unfortunately agrees. (There's a saying someone taught me a long time ago: If something is possible, it's probably, given enough time. If something is probably, it's likely, given enough time.)

Think of the fortune you would make if you were one of a handful of companies who could concoct "legitimate" ways of persuading, forcing or even scaring people - all of humanity - into being tagged. And while these people may not want to control you per se, there are others without the means of implementation who might just want to use the technology that way. These two groups are not necessarily mutually exclusive, but probably are. And of course there's the rest, who break down to into several other groups, non of which have negative intentions for RFID.

I'm a middle grounder. I think that RF technology is brilliant, with loads of incredible applications that improve efficiency and potentially reduce operating costs for businesses. But I also think that we have a Pandora's box here, and not because of any religious affiliation. I do not want that box opened, but I also don't want radio frequency technology to go away. Thus, my own purpose for promoting the technology is to make people aware of the parameters, to point out that if there is a conspiracy, there is likely more than one, with different, maybe even cross purposes. But mostly, I'm writing to promote all the good, positive, useful applications of RFID. And there really are a lot of them.

September 27, 2006

Canada-US Border ID Decisions Delayed

American legislators are proposing that a deadline for Canadians and Americans to get e-passports to pass through the US border (from Canada) be delayed by a year and a half. The current deadline is January 2008. The proposed deadline is June 2009. Both countries are already suffering marked decreases in bordertowns all across the Canada-US border, supposedly due to the hassle of security checks. Canadian politicians are calling the delay (if it passes, I guess) a victory for Canada, but that's probably the wrong way to look at it. Free Trade and tourism kind of get shackled, so both countries stand to lose.

The Canadian government is looking for an alternative to the e-passport, including the North American biometric id card, dubbed the PASS card. This card would have an RFID tag to store personal and biometric data on the smart id card. This is suggested as an alternative to passports because the Canadian passport authority would not be able to handle the sudden demand for passports if the existing deadline is maintained.

Even if the delay goes through and the biometric card is used, it only applies to physical border crossings. Canadians and Americans landing in American airports will still have to produce one of the new e-passports. All of this is part of the WHTI (Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative), signed into being by President Bush a few years ago.  The US DHS has been testing RFID across the border since last year.

California Planning Encryption of RFID Data

The state legislature in California passed the Identity Information Act of 2006 last month with the intent of protecting residents from abuse of data collected via RFID. This applies a variety of government-issued documents, especially smart id cards. [via B-Eye] Last year, California tabled Senate Bill 682 (Joe Simitian D-Palo Alto), which would prohibit RFID from being implemented in personal identity cards and documents, and then postponed the bill. Senate did, however, pass a 30-7 vote in August to impose regulations on RFID use.

September 26, 2006

How RFID Affects Religious Beliefs

Margaret Schaut, an RFID Gazette reader, left a comment on the post Brisk sales of RFID livestock tags regarding the Amish community in the state of Indiana. She works directly with the Amish community there, and they brought their concerns to her. The United States is in the process of implementing the NAIS - National Animal Identifcation System. As part of this program, all livestock animals will be tagged for identification with several intentions including controlling diseased animals.

Several states in the USA also have their own programs - likely as a supplement to NAIS. According to an article that Margaret has posted at her Amish Community page at Squidoo, the Amish farmers were told by the Indiana State Board of Animal Health (BOAH) that they have to be enrolled in a three-phase program starting Sept 1st, which has already passed. Under the new rules, a number of types of "farm animals, defined as cattle, bison, swine, sheep, goats, and captive deer or elk, must be entered into the electronic database."

Non-compliance means a $1,000 per day fine, although the BOAH says that their intention is to help meat producers register, in order aid disease identification. Margaret Schaut concludes by saying, "The Amish have historically and consistently resisted certain government impositions that violate their religious convictions." The Amish also have a concern that people will eventually be tagged.

This is a situation that, honestly, had not occurred to me. I only know a little about the Amish culture, and my understandting is that certain devices (possibly just electric devices or similar) are not part of their lifestyle, are banned for use by community members. That of course creates a huge dilemma in a country that values freedom of religious practice.

Will the US or state governments make an exception in such cases? If they do, there may be conditions that mean the Amish cannot sell their livestock without the tags, and thus will lose a portion of their livelihood. Comments on older articles at this site suggest that some people feel that NAIS will spell the end of the small family and hobby farms.

Gemalto Gets Oman Id Card Deal

The Sultanate of Oman will be receiving 2.5M smart ID cards from Gemalto for the country's national ID card program. It's the first program of it's kind in the Middle East and will begin at the end of the year. The cards will be used for both public service as well as for homeland security - in particular, to build a National Registry System, to be managed by the Royal Oman Police force. All of this is an extension of a program that began in early 2004. As part of this program, electronic gates have already been installed at the country's border. More details at Secure ID News.

Oman is simply one more country to the growing list (UK, Malaysia, China, etc.) that have either already started a National ID program or are about to.

September 21, 2006

Chinese RFID Demand Driven By Security Sector?

According to a CCW Research report, China's demand for RFID will be driven by[China Tech News] public security applications. While this may be true, the sheer size of China has resulted in several RFID projects, some of massive scope, and with great potential for more radio frequency programs. Here are a few tidbits about Chinese-related projects:

  • China recently announced a gigantic project for 125M contactless train tickets for their railway system - quite possibly the biggest project of it's kind in the world.
  • NXP Semiconductors (formerly Philips Semiconductors) is finding demand [EET Asia] for it's UCODE EPC G2 UHF chips, which were apparently selected because they conform to Wal-Mart's RFID mandate. Not suprising, given the probably high ratio of Chinese manufacturers amongst the retail giant's suppliers.
  • In fact, Chinese-made items make up half of the product sold by giant US retailers. China is also looking to implementing RFID in the healthcare and manufacturing sectors.
  • An older article at this site says that manufacturing logistics and suply chain issues are a big driver of RFID implementation in China.
  • China has also been tagging livestock and has been testing RF tags for luggage tracking for some airlines.
   

As you can see, it's not just public security apps driving demand for RFID in China. They have so many projects of such large scope that they had considered having a Chinese RFID standard, though that idea seems to have passed. The government's Ministry of Science and Technology did come up with a Chinese RFID policy white book.

September 19, 2006

10 People Or Groups Who Have Been Microchipped

Previously, we had the post 10 types of people who should be RFID-tagged (and 5 not). Here are ten people (or groups) who have already been microchipped with radio frequency technology - most of them willingly. There's also VeriChip Corp., whose agenda seems clear: implant as many people as they can get away with, including recommending that US soldiers be microchipped. (I guess they think the traditional dog tags aren't enough.)

These are of course the sorts of things that many people, such as the authors of Spychips, have been cautioning against. Such activities have prompted both the US states of Wisconsin and Ohio to pass laws against forced implantation of RFID chips. No doubt other states will follow suit, because while it's certainly a personal choice to get RFID tagged, it's another thing to be forced to do so for work - especially when wearable RFID is more than sufficient.

  1. Amal Graafstra, tech guy. Amal has one chip in each hand, in the webbing between thumb and forefinger. Why? Because he got tired of using keys to open his house doors or turn on his computer.
  2. Jennifer Tomblin, girlfriend of partner of Amal Graafstra. Jennifer thinks it's romantic that they both have RFID chips that share the same resources. Ain't that sweet?
  3. Mikey Sklar, UNIX engineer.
  4. Meghan Trainor, Master's student, for her thesis.
  5. Professor Kevin Warwick, the cyborg himself.
  6. Dr. John Halamka, Harvard Medical School CIO.
  7. Rafael Macedo de la Concha, Mexico's Attorney General.
  8. Supposedly 160 employees of de la Concha, unrevealed numbers of prisoners in some European jails, select mentally ill people and elderly in certain European countries - all likely unwilling, coerced, or misinformed.
  9. Scott Silverman, CEO of VeriChip Corp's parent company. Actually, that's a lie. Silverman has publicly claimed he would get an RFID chip but has yet to do so. VeriChip is the company that wants to tag American soliders, (illegal) immigrants and guest workers, newborn babies, prisoners, sick people in hospitals, old people, dead bodies during disaster recovery, probably any visitor to the United States, and probably everyone else besides. And it's likely not even about xenophobia with him, just commerce.
  10. Tommy Thompson, former US Secretary of Health Services. Actually, that's another lie. He pledged to get microchipped but has yet to do so. And now that he is no longer in his role, the likelihood of his doing so is slim to none.

10 Types of People Who Should Be RFID-Tagged (And 5 Not)

If you've been following along pretty much anywhere in the media, Radio frequency identification technology is the subject of huge controversy. In no particular order, camp 1 created the technology and has an agenda based on business need to promote it. Camp 2 thinks it's evil. Camp 3 doesn't know any better. Camp 4 is the government and is subdivided on what to do. Camp 5 doesn't care. Anyone else? Probably lots of middle-grounders.

The biggest controversy is the issue of whether there is actually a conspiracy afoot to tag all human beings. Well, it's not even a conspiracy. Companies like Verichip have been openly pushing their agenda to tag anyone they can get away with and even recently suggested to the US government that soldiers in the military be RFID-tagged. Like common household pets and livestock. There are also reports that prisoners in some European countries have already been implanted subdermally with RFID chips against their consent, and there is talk of doing the same in the US.

I say, bring it on. But let's have a trial run first. Here are my ten candidates for RFID microchipping, in no particular order:

  1. The Presidents of the United States. I don't mean just G.W.B., but all presidents who take the Office. They represent the populace and should be accountable to each and every citizen. And really the only way that's possible is to implant an RFID chip in them.
  2. Every head of state in every country. If they belong to the United Nations, like the US, then they should be chipped as well, for the same reason.
  3. Every politician, especially those of the party that holds the House majority during an administration.
  4. Visitors to Camp David. Don't we have a right to know? (Detecting a theme here?)
  5. Every CEO of every tech company whose technology potentially invades a citizen's privacy, especially those pushing the ideology that we should all be tagged like animals. Hey, turnabout is fair play. Heck, every CEO and board member period? Doesn't Sarbanes-Oxley maybe stretch just enough to cover that? Surely Hewlett-Packard chairwoman Patricia Dunn wouldn't have had to illegally obtain phone records if she knew where everyone was.
  6. Law enforcement officers, especially government ones such as in the FBI and the CIA. Or maybe just them because police officers are the ones doing the real law enforcement work. And while we're at it, we can embed a secure-communication device into agents' wrists.
  7. Lawyers, especially criminal lawyers. And maybe even Attorney Generals. Why not, right?
  8. Outside postal workers. Hey, what if one of them falls into a snowbank and our mail doesn't get delivered?
  9. Athletes, especially those being paid multi-millions per season, including soccer players?
  10. Hollywood stars. Just because, and with hybrid RFID/GPS tracking devices. I mean, wouldn't you like to be able to get on a website and see where your fave celebrity is? While we're at it, lets tag the members of Supernova, too, especially Tommy Lee and their new monkey boy, winner Lukas Rossi.

Hmmm. Three categories of politician. Of course, there are those who just want to be microchipped (watch for a follow up to this post). But other than them, here are 5 types of people who shouldn't be microchipped:

  1. Your children. I mean, really. Do you believe the crap that your newborn baby needs to implanted with an RFID chip for protection? Past research shows that over 90% of kidnappings are perpetrated by a disgruntled parent after a divorce or separation. To be resolved, this situation doesn't require every newborn baby in the country being microchipped like Fido.
  2. Ex-politicians. When a politician retires from office, their chip should be removed. (And their memory downloaded. How's that for accountability?) But that excludes senators, governors, and presidents. Why? Just because. Let's see how they feel about invasion of privacy issues after the fact.
  3. Ex-law enforcement officers. Why not. If they aren't representing the country any longer, why should they be chipped?
  4. Pretty much everyone else, with the exception maybe of dangerous criminals. Again, really. Do you really want to be microchipped like an animal? Do you sense any common threads here?
  5. Dogs and cats. They're people, too, right? Okay, I'm stretching things just a little.

So basically, the government has it backwards. It's not the private citizen who needs to be RFID-tagged, it's the public figure whose salary is paid by us, the private citizen.

September 15, 2006

Identity Stronghold Sleeve To Protect US Government RF ID Cards

All US government agencies will be issuing PIV (Personal Identity Verification) smart ID cards to all employees. To protect those cards, they've selected the Secure Sleeve [Contactless News] from Identity Stronghold. This sleeve is one of several similar security offerings from different companies that are designed to protect RFID smartcards and e-Passports from unauthorized readers. The general method of security used in these sleeves employs the principle of a Faraday Cage, which forms a field that blocks out radio frequency signals when an id card is not in use.

While there are small handful of companies offering these "secure" smartcard sleeves, and Identity Stronghold seems to have come out ahead so far in the race, we'll probably see more companies offering such accessories. If you prefer DIY stuff, Instructables has instructions for making your own shielding wallet. Unfortunately, according to a comment by a reader there, it doesn't block EM (electro-magnetic) signals in the RF range. But it might protect your flash memory, etc. Alternately, you could take some of the tin foil wrapped around your noggin and use it on your RFID smart contactless credit card.

September 14, 2006

New Dual-Interface RFID Cards

CardLogix is introducing a new line of smart ID cards that have a dual interface. That is, they can work with RFID readers running either of two operating systems, Multos and Java. This ability allows cards to be used with a regular RFID reader or a contactless reader. This fits the requirements of the US government's PIV (Personal Identity Verification) program. The cards would be used for identifying employees of all federal agencies, and would also provide access to rooms, facilities and even data. [via Contactless News]

PIV is just one of several US government initiatives that use RFID for identification. Others including the North American PASS card, part of the WHTI (Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative) and the new e-passports.

September 12, 2006

YouTube Videos About RFID

The immensely popular streaming video website Youtube is like a book of mankind, with videos about all kinds of topics. Believe it or not, they have over a hundred video clips relating to RFID. Here are a couple for you to view, some bordering on the overhyped. Note: some clips have especially low volume, so you may have to keep your hand on your speaker's volume control as you watch each clip. I've included the original YouTube links here, so if for some reason you cannot view the clips on this site, you can go directly to YouTube.

RFID US id card cloning:



RFID video jockey:



RFID applications and uses: A PBS video.



Digital angel: Clip from 1970s movie with Shakespearean actor Michael York. Apparently this is also the name of an RFID company.



Is Verichip the mark? The scariest clip I've seen, and in-line with the informal research I've been doing for nearly 20 years about the new world order - but that doesn't invalidate legitimate uses of RFID.



RFID passport security:

September 08, 2006

US-Canada PASS Card: Increased Demand for RFID Tags

If the controversial North American PASS card, part of the US DHS (Dept of Homeland Security) WHTI (Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative, goes through, the demand for RFID tags could increase considerably. While the PASS card is expected to go through, the WHTI has been set aside temporarily.

The e-Passport program is still continuing, with some new passports already being distributed. The CAGW (CItizens Against Government Waste) issued a report recently which blasts the PASS card, partly on grounds that the card is subject to unauthorized signal interception from a distance, and partly on the basis that the entire cost of the Real ID Act will be more like US$17.3 B instead of the $100 M the government has reported.

South America: First Passive RFID Toll Road System

Argentina will be getting the first South American RFID toll collection system. The system is based on passive RFID and launched by IPICO Inc. and Argentina's Dyna Group. So far, the trial reports that the 2500 daily users have had 100% success. Plans are to expand the system to handle 15,000 users by the end of 2008. The use of passive RFID tags results in lower-cost transponder tokens, which will help considerably since the area is considered a developing region. (Passive RFID tags do not have a power source and are usually used for short ranges.)

Oddly, the press release points out that the system can identify vehicles at speeds up 240 km/h. Even my 1997 Subaru GT, which had an incredibly smooth ride, could only handle 174 km/h. At 175, it started to shake, rattle and roll. Correct me if I'm wrong, but how many developing nations would need to identify drivers at such high speeds? Even the Autobahn in Germany started posting speed limits after the Berlin Wall fell, because older East German cars were getting in the way of high-powered West Germany cars.

This is not the first radio frequency toll system in the Western Hemisphere. Highway 407 ETR (Electronic Toll Road), which spans at least 80 kilometres east-west through sections North of Toronto, Canada, and outlying regions, has been in place since about 1997. (Neither the term RFID nor the words "radio frequency" are mentioned in the description of the transponders at the official website, but insiders indicate that radio frequency technology is used.)

This project was considered by some to be a provincial government fiasco. The Government of Ontario, I believe, sold the highway off, at a steal, to a consortium that included a Spanish firm - although Bell Canada was part owner the last I heard. According to my sources, the Spanish firm started sending collection agencies after 407 users for amounts as small as Cdn$3.00, which were overdue no more than a month. A late payment of even that small an amount resulted in a $30 fine. A class-action suit was launched against the c onsortium, although I'm not sure what prevailed.

The 407 ETR apparently started off as a project that included Bell Canada and was to have license-plate recognitiion technology as well as RFID transponders. In the end, with the recognition technology not functioning on dirty license plates and during snowstorms, Bell Canada hired college students to view videos of car plates and manually record license numbers. Many people complained of the ridiculously high toll fees (I know someone who paid Cdn$600/m for weekday use, both ways, of a 60 kilometre section.) Other people received toll bills when their car had never been anywhere near the highway.

While the Canadian project was well-intentioned, many citizens are said to be unhappy with how the whole system works. Some other automotive-related RFID trials are the smart license plates in Japan and the e-Plate Project in the UK. In North America, RFID has been used in millions of vehicles, total, for nearly twenty years.

September 07, 2006

RFID Security Projects: E-Passports and PASS/ WHTI

NXP, formerly known as Philips Semiconductor, has won the right to be a supplier for the new US e-passport project. This company, in either incarnation, is involved in 30 of 36 e-passport programs around the world. The new ICAO-compliant e-passports are the subject of much controversy. Some security researchers claim that the underlying RFID chips can have their data cloned and then spoofed to a reader, making them a security risk. Despite that, participating countries started distributing the new RFID-enabled passports in August.

A similar national security project, PASS (People Access Security Service), is part of President Bush's WHTI (Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative), and is the subject of disagreement over the specific type of RFID technology being used. Some Canadian officials and some US lawmakers feel that the PASS card will hinder commerce and tourism. Two US senators are trying to bring about legislation to delay the PASS program, which is currently set to be active on Jan 1, 2008.

September 05, 2006

Japanese Firms Propose RFID 2.0

There isn't yet an accepted RFID standard around the world (but the ISO recently approved EPCGlobal's EPC Gen 2 standard), but two Japanese firms, HP Japan and BEA Japan, are talking about a new architecture [RFID in Japan] for business applications called RFID 2.0.

Meanwhile, Japan's Internal Affairs and Communication Ministry will be approving the use [RFID Blog] of active RFID chips for a number of purposes, including cargo containers. The chips will follow US standards by using the 433 Mhz frequency, and can communicate over long ranges [Forbes], even exceeding 100 meters. Existing RFID chips in Japan are mostly short-range, unable to communicate over more than 10 inches or so.

Japan is currently conducting a number of RFID initiatives, including smart license plates and even controversial projects such as tracking elementary school students with affixable RFID tags.